mississippi ppp loan recipients list

Medical businessessuffered deep revenue losses during the pandemic as normal lucrative procedures and treatments were put on pause to handle the virus. Both businesses were approved to receive between $150,000 and $350,000 each. ben suarez bread / joseph wiley kim burrell / list of ppp loan recipients by name california. As was the case after the first round of the Paycheck Protection Program last summer, the state's top recipients so far include restaurants, doctors' and dentists' offices, legal practices, construction companies, car dealers, hotels and religious organizations. The SBA states that the PPP program is designed to help small businesses keep workers on payroll. Search MS Businesses Results @lukerehmann You can search the SBA's entire PPP loan data below. St. Andrew's Episcopal Day School in Ridgeland got at least $2 million. The case was brought in Foley Square, New York and is pending. Read or Share this story: https://www.clarionledger.com/story/business/2020/07/08/ms-ppp-loan-recipients-database-coronavirus-pandemic-search-full-list-businesses-covid-19/5402287002/, Mississippi PPP loan recipients: See the full searchable list of who received them - Hattiesburg American, Copyright 2000 to 2023 Prometheism Transhumanism Post Humanism | Prometheism | Euvolution | Pierre Teilhard De Chardin, https://www.clarionledger.com/story/business/2020/07/08/ms-ppp-loan-recipients-database-coronavirus-pandemic-search-full-list-businesses-covid-19/5402287002/, Ayn Rand - Books, Quotes & Philosophy - Biography. The jobs numbers released last week reinforced that PPP is working by keeping employees on payroll and sustaining millions of small businesses through this time.. The SBA states that the PPP program is designed to help small businesses keep workers on payroll. The U.S. government has released a list of businesses that have received emergency pandemic loans of $150,000 or more. There was an error and we couldn't process your subscription. On average, businesses in the state received about $7,000 per employee. SBA and Treasury to release names of largest PPP loan recipients. In 2019, Alex was a grantee through the Pulitzer Centers Connected Coastlines program, which supported his coverage around the impact of climate change on Mississippi fisheries. On average, businesses in the state received about $7,000 per employee. Most of those that answered were white and male-owned, shown below: Use the tables below for full lists of Misssissippi's PPP recipients, by business and industry: -- Article credit to Alex Rozier of Mississippi Today --. In Mississippi, nearly all 96% of loans were directed towards payrolls. The vast majority of those companies taking part in the program some 38,035 organizations received PPP loans less than $150,000. LEARN MORE ABOUT WHO QUALIFIES BY CLICKING HERE. More than $4 billion in loans have now made its way to Mississippi after Congress approved another round of federal support for businesses earlier this year. Southern Air Conditioning & Supply Inc., where Reeves is a shareholder and Coker & Palmer, Inc., an insurance agency where his wife, Elee Reeves, is a financial advisor, were among the businesses from Mississippi that received money in the coronavirus outbreak, according to the federal government. It lowered the share of the loan that a company must spend on payroll and gave them a longer period of time to use the money. Chao is the wife of Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell, R-Ky. Perdue Inc., a trucking company co-founded by Agriculture Secretary Sonny Perdue, was approved for $150,000 to $350,000 in loan money. Companies said that the funding supported more than 51 million jobs. You cant edit our stories, except to reflect relative changes in time, location and editorial style. The loan data also include demographics of the borrowers, although most businesses left those fields blank. By joining our newsletter, you are confirming that you agree with the Privacy Policy, Frank Corder is a native of Pascagoula. The Skip team has been one of the top resources in the US for SBA-related funding and other private funding options since 2020. We center readers in everything we do, informingand engagingMississippians through reporting, podcasts, events and online communities. The program has about $132 billion in funding remaining. Religious organizations such as the Catholic dioceses of Biloxi and Jackson, the Episcopal Diocese of Mississippi,and the Mississippi Conference of the United Methodist Churchreceived hundreds of thousands of dollars. Any web site our stories appear on must include a contact for your organization. The PPP Loan Fraud List - PPP Fraud | Who got a PPP LOAN 2021 P Mathis The Accountant 4.83K subscribers Subscribe 2.1K Share 113K views Streamed 1 year ago Are you considering applying for. Several law firms, including ones with ties to President Trump (Kasowitz, Benson & Torres) and former vice president Al Gore and film producer Harvey Weinstein (Boies Schiller Flexner) also received PPP loans. Restaurant chains like P.F. The US government recently added a second round of $310 billion to PPP loan program. Mississippi businesses that applied for and received a loan as part of a national effort to save small companies during the coronavirus pandemic is now public information. You can review the data set released by Treasury and SBAto learn more about Mississippi PPP recipients. Please reload the page and try again. Larger and public companies initially took advantage of loosely written language to tap the funds for themselves. More than 45,000 loans worth nearly $3.2 billion were approved in Mississippi by the Small Business Administration, according to Mississippi Bankers Association. The program was initially rolled out in April, offering $349 billion to small businesses. Trump on Saturday signed the extension into law. The Small Business Administration has released a list of businesses that have received emergency pandemic. - two free years of archived e-Editions Founded in 2016 as the states first nonprofit, nonpartisan newsroom, Mississippi Todays roots in Capitol coverage have grown to encompass a myriad of beats beyond politics and policy, including education, public health, justice, environment, equity, and, yes, sports. According to state filings, the company is now run by the son of Michael Retzer, who previously served as chairman of the Mississippi Republican Party, treasurer of the Republican National Committee and U.S. As was the case after the first round of the Paycheck Protection Program last summer, the states top recipients so far include restaurants, doctors and dentists offices, legal practices, construction companies, car dealers, hotels and religious organizations. There were several errors in the database, so it's not clear whether all the companies listed received the funds. How's the return to office going? Joseph Kushner Hebrew Academy in New Jersey, which is named after Trump's son-in-law and advisor Jared Kushner's grandfather, got a loan in the range of $1 million to $2 million. The program is part of the Coronavirus Aid, Relief and Economic Security Act President Donald Trump signed. Applicants in California received the most money overall with $68.2 billion, followed by Texas at $41.1 billion and New York at $38.3 billion. - Study Breaks, Get Ready for a Week of Unhinged Attacks on Biden and Harris - The Bulwark. Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window), Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window), Click to email a link to a friend (Opens in new window), Legislatures top leaders test positive for coronavirus, Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License, Proudly powered by Newspack by Automattic. Yet dozens of large national chains came away with millions in loans on behalf of their Mississippi locations; McDonalds, for instance, received $14.8 million to support 28 locations in the state, despite being a multinational corporation that made $4.7 billion in profit last year. Politically, according to the Washington Post, companies with connections to a handful of federal lawmakers, like Foremost Maritime, which is a shipping business controlled by the family of Transportation Secretary Elaine Chao, have received PPP loans. Copyright 2022 PPP Directory. Theaters have been closed while new film releases have been delayed or pushed to streaming platforms. The PPP is providing much-needed relief to millions of American small businesses, supporting more than 51 million jobs and over 80 percent of all small business employees, who are the drivers of economic growth in our country, said Secretary Steven T. Mnuchin. World-class Experience The Skip team prides itself on giving you the attention and assistance your small business deserves. The Land Title Association of Mississippi is a professional association dedicated to creating an environment which enables its members to provide the public with the highest quality land title evidencing, title insurance and settlement services. Mississippi businesses that applied for and received a loan as part of a national effort to save small companies during the coronavirus pandemic is now public information. Jared Kushner's parents' family foundation supports the school, NBC News reported. - and much more! About 87% of the loans were for less than $150,000, according . Lawmakers have also pushed to find out if politicians or their families' have taken on funds from the program. Global Business and Financial News, Stock Quotes, and Market Data and Analysis. a proud member of the But of those that did, white-owned businesses in the state outnumbered all others that got money combined including Black, Hispanic, Asian and American Indian businesses by a five-to-one margin. Our stories may appear on pages with ads, but not ads specifically sold against our stories. The sum total of loans amounts to in excess of $521 billion, and in a statement, Treasury Secretary Steve Mnuchin remarked, "The PPP is providing much-needed relief to millions of American small . Ambassador to Tanzania. Designed to cover expenses such as payroll and rent, the loans do not have to be paid back if at least 60 percent of the money is spent keeping or rehiring workers. Perdue's adult children are 99% stakeholders in a trust that indirectly owns the company, and the secretary did not have any influence on the SBA's loan decisions or the company's decision to apply for aid, the spokesperson said. All Data Obtained From the SBA. - Federal Regulations Advisor, The Daily Cartoon and Live Briefing: Monday, May 9, 2022 - FlaglerLive.com, Victory at San Jacinto liberated the individual | Opinion | jacksonvilleprogress.com - Jacksonville Daily Progress, RUSH's GEDDY LEE Says NEIL PEART 'Didn't Want Anyone To Know' About His Illness: 'He Wanted To Keep It In The House' - BLABBERMOUTH.NET, The Alternative Meat Industry Wants Solar Power Style Mandates And Subsidies - Science 2.0, diSConnected: Is Ayn Rand or Mother Teresa better for protecting South Carolinians with disabilities? There is further data we're working on for the loans under $150k however so check back in the future for that. Internationally, South Korean airline Korean Air received a PPP loan. The Trump administration on Monday disclosed the names of many small businesses which received loans under a program intended to blunt the economic damage from the coronavirus pandemic. We're dedicated to keeping Mississippians informed with our thorough reporting. Click - Forward, The limits of Justice Ketanji Brown Jacksons power - Fortune, Race Across The World and Louis Theroux Interviews among new BBC Factual and Arts slate - Royal Television Society |, Fool Britannia: sloppy Tory treatise a hint of horrible things to come - Crikey, Day one at the Tory conference: Industry cries out for stability but U-turns and uncertainty continue - Building. This company embraced the coronavirus economy and now it is hiring workers. After those funds quickly ran out, the government replenished the program with an additional $310 billion. !function(){"use strict";window.addEventListener("message",(function(a){if(void 0!==a.data["datawrapper-height"])for(var e in a.data["datawrapper-height"]){var t=document.getElementById("datawrapper-chart-"+e)||document.querySelector("iframe[src*='"+e+"']");t&&(t.style.height=a.data["datawrapper-height"][e]+"px")}}))}(); Disclosure: In 2020, Mississippi Today sought a Paycheck Protection Program loan, which was approved and disbursed. The House of Representatives followed the Senate in passing a measure Wednesday to extend the program's application deadline from June 30 to Aug. 8. Browse & Search CARES Act PPP Recipients by Company names The following data was provided by the SBA & US Treasury Department showing a breakdown of all the name of companies who received PPP loans over $150,000. You have to credit Mississippi Today. Wochit. "The CARES Act was an umbrella act that distributed tons of money. The biggest loans went toconstruction contractors such as F.L. Yet that rate varies greatly; J&W Transport LLC, a trucking company in Jackson, received a loan of over $260,000 to pay one employee. The data release also includes overall statistics regarding dollars lent per state, loan amounts, top lenders, and distribution by industry. But of those that did, men-owned businesses receiving loans outnumbered women-owned firms by about three-to-one. 2023 www.clarionledger.com. The US government recently added a second round of $310 billion to PPP loan program. The bill Congress passed to replenish the program in April included $60 billion specifically for small lenders in response to concerns about businesses without a traditional banking relationship accessing loans. John Farrell, a Republican donor and real estate developer also received a PPP loan. Restaurant chains P.F. - Science Based Medicine, O'Donnell: Will the NBA's new red-light camera calls ruin The Finals for ABC/ESPN? The Roman Catholic dioceses in California, New York, Nevada, Tennessee and Kentucky also received loans. Franks interviews, articles, and columns have been shared throughout Mississippi as well as in national publications such as the Daily Caller. The company is investing $2.4 million in their Mississippi operation and adding 32 new jobs. In addition, the data provides information regarding the sizes of participating lenders and participation by community development financial institutions, minority depository institutions, Farm Credit System institutions, fintechs and other nonbanks, and other types of lenders. You have to credit Mississippi Today. We center readers in everything we do, informingand engagingMississippians through reporting, podcasts, events and online communities. The SBA released other details about the program Monday, including: The PPP's goal is to offer forgivable loans to smaller businesses, helping them to stay afloat and employees to maintain their jobs as the coronavirus puts the U.S. economy on hold. By industry: Alex Rozier, from New York City, is Mississippi Todays data and environment reporter. This table shows the top 5 industries in Mississippi by number of loans awarded, with average loan amounts and number of jobs reported. The Ayn Rand Institute received a loan and defended it on Twitter. In total, over 79,000 businesses in Mississippi have been approved for PPP loans. Most of those that answered were white and male-owned, shown below: Use the tables below for full lists of Mississippis PPP recipients, by business and industry. Of the Mississippi businesses that did answer, 75 percent were male, and 83 percent were white. For the most part, Mississippis recipients were small individual businesses over 80% reported 10 or fewer employees, and only 1% were part of a franchise. Todays data shows that small businesses of all types and across all industries benefited from this unprecedented program. If you are an existing Print subscriber click HERE for your login info. Frank has served his community in both elected and appointed public office, hosted his own local radio and television programs, and managed private businesses all while being an engaged husband and father. Otherwise, it carries a 1 percent interest rate and must be repaid within two years. Dig Deeper: See the full searchable list of who received Mississippi PPP loans. Southern States Utility Trailer Sales Inc. Seventeen Mississippi businesses received between $5 million and $10 million, the top loan amount, with about 120 more receiving between $2 million and $5 million. On July 6, 2020, the federal government released the names of 45,815 companies and organizations in Mississippi that received Paycheck Protection Program (PPP) loans, which were designed to keep the economy afloat during the coronavirus. Meanwhile, 78 white business owners received loans for at least $1 million. - Vox.com, Conservative Theologically, but Liberal Politically | Gene Veith - Patheos, Who is Jonathan Swan, the reporter who grilled Trump? Assisted Living Facilities for the Elderly, Fabricated Structural Metal Manufacturing, Plumbing, Heating, and Air-Conditioning Contractors, Other Commercial and Industrial Machinery and Equipment Rental and Leasing, Yalobusha General Hospital And Nursing Home, Electrical Contractors and Other Wiring Installation Contractors. following organizations: Whoops! General Freight Trucking, Long-Distance, Truckload, Services for the Elderly and Persons with Disabilities, Other Grocery and Related Products Merchant Wholesalers, Offices of Real Estate Agents and Brokers, Cardiology Associates Of North Mississippi, All Other Miscellaneous Ambulatory Health Care Services. We want to hear from you. Bankers, lawyers, and consultants told Business Insider that the volume of pre-approved loans will soak up the second round of funding. Updated July 25, 2022 Search for PPP loan applications by organization, lender, zip code and business type. Searchable PPP Loans - Businesses with PPP Loan 2021 Small Business Administration (SBA) released a list of all the businesses their loan amount with Bank and business details. So here are the links and resources I mentioned. The program is giving first priority to businesses that didn't receive money through PPP and has set aside $40 million for businesses owned by women and minorities. Disbursements to Mississippi businesses ranged from $100 to a $10 million loan, which went to Staff Pro LLC, an employment agency in Gulfport. Changs, Legal Sea Foods and Silver Diner either received PPP loans or had investors connected to the company that did. Look for the "Republish This Story" button underneath each story. Grace Pateras and Joe Harrington contributed to this story. Mississippi PPP Funded Companies This directory is composed of all companies that have received loans under the Paycheck Protections Program according to data provided by the U.S. Treasury. On average, businesses in the state received about $7,000 per employee. Under the law, Mississippi received $1.25 billion. Northeast wind 0 to 5 mph. The Clarion Ledger reached out to several companies that received at least $5 million through the program. The goal is to fund small businesses that have been economically impacted due to the coronavirus pandemic. to see all of their content. Across the country, more than 660,000 businesses received $150,000 or up to the $10 million maximum from the small-business lending program. Otherwise, it carries a 1 percent interest rate and must be repaid within two years. The U.S. government has released a list of businesses that have received emergency pandemic loans of $150,000 or more. Otherwise, it carries a 1 percent interest rate and must be repaid within two years. Our stories may appear on pages with ads, but not ads specifically sold against our stories. Rep VickyHartzler, R-Mo., on Thursday disclosed that her family's businesses received nearly $480,000. They and many more companies ultimately returned the money after public outcry. Trusted Partners Your Business? Please reload the page and try again. Manley said that business owners who did not receive a check, but felt they qualified should email covid19relief@dor.ms.gov with their business name, account number and the reason they believe their business met the criteria for the $2,000 check. - Noozhawk, Happy birthday to the great Ayn Rand - OCRegister, Letter to the editor about Clowns to the left of me, jokers to the right. Who in Mississippi got Paycheck Protection Program loans during the pandemic? The online vehicle marketplace company quadrupled its sales in just one year after beginning operation in January 2021. - Looper, Soul Review: Life, and How to Live It - Rolling Stone, Defending Ayn Rand's Reputation in the Media - New Ideal, Letter: Only 'We' can save the world | Letters to the Editor - Daily Herald, Pandemic and the prisoner's dilemma - DTNext, From the Rubble of Atlases, a Colossus Will Rise - The New York Times, Trump's America Remains Stuck in the Shadow of Reagan - Boston Review, The Tories are divided between libertarians and authoritarians. In Mississippi, nearly all 96% of loans were directed towards payrolls. Of the money, $240 was designated for a small business grant program, called Back to Business Mississippi, and businesses impacted by COVID-19 are eligible for up to $25,000 of grant money to cover certain expenses. As was the case after the first round of the Paycheck Protection Program last summer, the states top recipients so far include restaurants, doctors and dentists offices, legal practices, construction companies, car dealers, hotels and religious organizations. With your help, we've gotten a lot done but we're not finished yet! following organizations: Whoops! Mississippi businesses that applied for and received a loan as part of a national effort to save small companies during the coronavirus pandemic is now public information. The Ayn Rand Institute, named for the objectivist writer cited as an influence on libertarian thought, was approved for $350,000 to $ 1 million. Yet that rate varies greatly; J&W Transport LLC, a trucking company in Jackson, received a loan of over $260,000 to pay one employee. Changs, Legal Sea Foods and Silver Diner either received PPP loans or had investors connected to the company that did. Revealed: How U.S. Gov't & Hollywood Secretly Worked Together to Justify Atomic Bombings of Japan - Democracy Now! "We made a commitment to our employees at the outset of this crisis that we would take every action available to us to keep everyone healthy, paid, working and productive," the statement said. And more than 1,000 recipients apparently did not answer the question about saving jobs at all, according to the data. Staff Report Published 6:37 p.m. CT July 8, 2020, If you are a small business owner and have not yet applied for a Paycheck Protection Program (PPP) loan yetAccording to Business Insider, you may be out of luck and too late to receive funding. Businesses linked to Gov. Central Mississippi Civic Improvement Association, Inc. Commercial and Institutional Building Construction, Seafood Product Preparation and Packaging, East Mississippi Electric Power Association. They included Jackson Academy and Jackson Prep, which both received at least $1 million. - Newsweek, Objectivism Q&A with Ben Bayer and Dan Schwartz - New Ideal, Book Banning Is Wrong Unless It Gets Me Out of Helping My Kid With His Homework - The Hard Times, THE TEACHER'S DESK: Breaking the Rules | Opinion | thetimestribune.com - Times Tribune of Corbin, If Big Ten didnt just add lucrative programs like USC but trimmed stragglers, whod get the boot? Separately, Mississippi is in the process of distributing grants to many small businesses using federal funds it received for virus relief. According to Business Insider, you may be out of luck and too late to receive funding. The program is part of the Coronavirus Aid, Relief and Economic Security Act President Donald Trump signed. We believe that an informed Mississippi is a better Mississippi. Political organizations also received loans: The Ohio Democratic Party got at least $150,000 and the Florida Democratic Party Building Fund got at least $350,000, while the Women's National Republican Club of New York got at least $350,000, the Black Republican Caucus in Florida got at least $150,000. At least 20 Mississippi hospitals received PPP money, with numerous dentists' and doctors' offices also getting the loans. On average, businesses in the state received about $7,000 per employee. Bankers, lawyers, and consultants told Business Insider that the volume of pre-approved loans will soak up the second round of funding.If you don't receive emergency government funding, it's suggested for small businesses to seek funding through tax relief, private companies, local governments, and organizations offering small business grants. The law firm said in a statement that all of its employees across 12 states kept their jobs with no pay cuts. Paycheck Protection Program (PPP) loans have aided more than 5.2 million small business owners, providing a much-needed lifeline during the Coronavirus outbreak crisis. We're dedicated to keeping Mississippians informed with our thorough reporting. Search through Mississippi businesses that benefited from the Paycheck Protection Program with our database by searching below. PPP Small Business Relief Will Likely Not Help All. Based on the data, between $2,511,750,192 and $4,436,550,192 have been loaned through the Payroll Protection Program to businesses in Mississippi. Borrowers are eligible for full forgiveness as long as they maintain the same level of employment and compensation for a certain period and spend most of the loan on their payroll. The U.S. Small Business Administration, in consultation with the Treasury Department, today announced it was releasing detailed loan-level data regarding the loans made under the Paycheck Protection Program (PPP). The average amount was about $69,000, the lowest in the country. This year alone, nearly a hundred thousand Mississippians received $2.3 billion in PPP loans from the CARES Act, which provided much-needed financial assistance to business owners. The U.S. Treasury Department released the names of 650,000 businesses that received loans of $150,000 or more on Monday as part of the Paycheck Protection Program (PPP) designed to help small businesses, including nearly 4,000 in Mississippi. Bankers, lawyers, and consultants told Business Insider that the volume of pre-approved loans will soak up the second round of funding.If you don't receive emergency government funding, it's suggested for small businesses to seek funding through tax relief, private companies, local governments, and organizations offering small business grants. here Almost 4,000 women-owned businesses reported receiving loans. A pedestrian wearing a protective mask walks past a Shake Shack restaurant in Washington, D.C., U.S., on Monday, April 20, 2020. At least a dozen prominent investment firms obtained hundreds of thousands of dollars in assistance each, with at least two saying the money would help retain zero jobs. Just look at shares of one of the largest office REITs, whenheoriginallyimplied that theTrump administration would not disclose the names of participants, tried to take the restaurant chain public, More than $30 billion in loans were returned overall, forced to close shop as result of the pandemic. Businesses in economically distressed areas as designated by the SBA got nearly 23% of the loan money, while companies in rural areas received about 15% of the funds. Secret IRS data shows it's paying off - Salon, Heres hoping this USC/UCLA-Big Ten merger careens off the track, crashes and burns | Jones - PennLive, LETTER: Thank cadre deployment and BEE for the mess - BusinessLIVE, Why The Racist Left Smears Clarence Thomas As An 'Angry Black Man' - The Federalist, This Is the Most Important Decision You Can Make To Increase Sales Right Now! More than $4 billion in loans have now made its way to Mississippi after Congress approved another round of federal support for businesses earlier this year. In Mississippi, nearly all 96% of loans were directed towards payrolls. The loan data also include demographics of the borrowers, although most businesses left those fields blank. No city is better suited to serve as a hub for innovation and growth than Gulfport, Mayor Hewes writes. This disclosure covers each of the 4.9 million PPP loans that have been made. A handful of Mississippi's private colleges also received assistance. The goal is to fund small businesses that have been economically impacted due to the coronavirus pandemic. John Farrell, a Republican donor and real estate developer also received a PPP loan. Religious groups in the state received between $53 and $80 million, spread across 80 different organizations. Help keep the momentum going by rejoining our member community today. All rights reserved. Posted on February 27, 2023 by laguardia airport food terminal c Does something look fishy to you? In 2019, Alex was a grantee through the Pulitzer Centers Connected Coastlines program, which supported his coverage around the impact of climate change on Mississippi fisheries. While some minority-owned businesses may not have disclosed race in their application, only one Black business owner reported receiving a PPP loan worth at least $1 million. $150K - $350K: 2,358 Recipients. Grace Pateras and Joe Harrington contributed to this story. Who will win? Below is a chart of the types of businesses receiving the most money in Mississippi: var divElement = document.getElementById('viz1594145011552'); var vizElement = divElement.getElementsByTagName('object')[0]; if ( divElement.offsetWidth > 800 ) { vizElement.style.width='800px';vizElement.style.height='627px';} else if ( divElement.offsetWidth > 500 ) { vizElement.style.width='800px';vizElement.style.height='627px';} else { vizElement.style.width='100%';vizElement.style.height='727px';} var scriptElement = document.createElement('script'); scriptElement.src = 'https://public.tableau.com/javascripts/api/viz_v1.js'; vizElement.parentNode.insertBefore(scriptElement, vizElement); Some Mississippi borrowers receiving between $5-$10 million in those categories include GI Associates, a gastroenterology group in Flowood, Ridgeland-based law firm Butler Snow, and two restaurant companies, Mid River Restaurants in Natchez and The Retzer Group in Greenville.