CVN focuses on improving mental health outcomes, with a goal to build a network of outpatient mental health clinics for veterans and their families in high-need communities, in which trained clinicians deliver holistic evidence-based care to treat mental health conditions. 15; CAT; ACHPR, art.5; ACHR, art. Human Rights Watch found evidence of shackling across 60 countries across Asia, Africa, Europe, the Middle East, and the Americas. [42] Human Rights Watch, Disability Is Not Weakness: Discrimination and Barriers Facing Women and Girls with Disabilities in Afghanistan, April 2020, https://www.hrw.org/report/2020/04/28/disability-not-weakness/discrimination-and-barriers-facing-women-and-girls. Finally, we must ensure standards of care are consistent through continued adoption of evidence-based practices. Res. This report includes field research and testimonies collected by 16 Human Rights Watch researchers working in their own countries, including Afghanistan, Burkina Faso, Cambodia, Ghana, Indonesia, Kenya, Liberia, Mexico, Mozambique, Nigeria, Sierra Leone, Palestine, Russia, the self-declared independent state of Somaliland, South Sudan, and Yemen. (No.16) at 52, U.N. Doc. But even as psychologists seek a broader impact, says Cbar Cataln, its important to remember that the trauma and disenfranchisement driving Central Americans north are deeply personal. 24-64; Treated Worse Than Animals: Abuses against Women and Girls with Psychosocial or Intellectual Disabilities in Institutions in India, December 2014, https://www.hrw.org/sites/default/files/report_pdf/india1214.pdf, p. 34; We Are Also Dying of AIDS: Barriers to HIV Services and Treatment for Persons with Disabilities in Zambia, July 2014, https://www.hrw.org/report/2014/07/15/we-are-also-dying-aids/barriers-hiv-services-and-treatment-persons-disabilities; Like A Death Sentence: Abuses against Persons with Mental Disabilities in Ghana, October 2012, https://www.hrw.org/sites/default/files/reports/ghana1012webwcover.pdf, pp. In some cases, the health center facilitates formation of peer support groups through the messaging application WhatsApp, links people to training on how to start a small business, and helps them get funding to start the business. In a few countries, government efforts at the national level to eradicate shackling have had some success in creating a roadmap to ending the practice. The large majority of Americans (76%) also believe mental health is just as important as physical health. In several cases, the ambulance was called when patients were already in critical condition. And across the region, the median percentage of countries health-care budgets allocated to mental health is 0.9%, the vast majority of which funds psychiatric hospitals (WHO-AIMS: Report on Mental Health Systems in Latin America and the Caribbean, 2013). (Eds. [153], In its interpretation of the treaty provisions, the committee stated, At all times, including in crisis situations, the individual autonomy and capacity of persons with disabilities to make decisions must be respected.[154], The UN special rapporteur on torture has noted that shackling unequivocally amount(s) to torture even if committed by non-State actors under conditions in which the State knows or ought to know about them.[155], The core human rights treaties prohibit subjecting any person to torture or to cruel, inhuman, or degrading treatment or punishment, including non-consensual medical or scientific experimentation.
El Salvador aborda la principal causa de muerte prematura entre su [22] WHO, Mental health: massive scale-up of resources needed if global targets are to be met, June 6, 2018, https://www.who.int/mental_health/evidence/atlas/atlas_2017_web_note/en/ (accessed July 22, 2020). This is the case for Sodikin, a 34-year-old man with a psychosocial disability, who had been released from chains after over 8 years shackled in a shed outside his family home in Cianjur, West Java in Indonesia. Last year, staffing shortages at the Alabama Department of Mental Health caused a temporary halt in admissions at one of three remaining state hospitals that provide long-term mental health care. 217A(III), U.N. Doc. Bo . Ensure that people who have been released from state and private institutions have access to psychosocial support and social services. This study confirmed what we hear from our members every day, that individuals and families continue to struggle to find the help they desperately need, said Linda Rosenberg, President and CEO of National Council for Mental Wellbeing.
Mental Health Atlas 2020 Country Profile: El Salvador Gaborit stresses that psychologists must assemble professionally and partner with nongovernmental organizations such as IJM, UNICEF and local groups to achieve a greater collective impact. [160] UNHRC, Report of the Special Rapporteur on torture, and other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment, Juan E. Mndez, A/HRC/22/53, February 1, 2013, https://www.ohchr.org/Documents/HRBodies/HRCouncil/RegularSession/Session22/A.HRC.22.53_English.pdf, para. [66], In India, in January 2019, the media reported that thousands of people with mental health conditions were chained like cattle, their feet tied with iron chains and padlocked for days, months and years, in the state of Uttar Pradesh. In addition, the person with a psychosocial disability and their family can visit the community health center for one-on-one counseling with a doctor or nurse, they can get medication, and they can participate in occupational therapy or other activities. Islamic faith healers often use Quranic recitations or herbal medicine, including the burning of herbs, as a treatment method. Roxanna Alizadeh, Elise Fabre, Alexis Kallen, and Liam Turnbull, interns in the Disability Rights Division, provided important research support. 14: The Right to the Highest Attainable Standard of Health, U.N. Doc. [139] After long-term advocacy by organizations such as the Mental Health Coalition of Sierra Leone, chaining was banned in policy. [13] Every 40 seconds, someone dies by suicide. Throughout this program, increasing equity of access to health services, improving the quality of these services and strengthening the monitoring and oversight capacity of the Ministry of Health have been top priorities. The main causes of death of these patients are related to metabolic disorders and respiratory and heart problems, which have increased fourfold compared to the first half of last year. According to the latest available global estimates, 792 million people or 10.7 percent of the global population has a mental health condition. (2019, October 1). [17], While one in ten people have a mental health condition, access to services is scarce. It is also essential to guarantee access to primary health care and improve case detection and follow-up to prevent cases from becoming serious, whether they are COVID-19 or not.". UNICEF is working with municipal governments and other authorities to develop and implement programs that support and protect vulnerable kids in El . Mental Wellbeing, www.cohenveteransnetwork.org/AmericasMentalHealth, More than 4 in 10 U.S. The increase in people dying at home reflects the enormous strain COVID-19 has put on the health system. The chaining of people with mental health conditions needs to stop it needs to stop. [27] WHO, Psychiatrists and nurses (per 100 000 population), undated, https://www.who.int/gho/mental_health/human_resources/psychiatrists_nurses/en/ (accessed June 17, 2020). On average, countries spend less than 2 percent of their health budgets on mental health. 24, 2016). MSF has launched health initiatives in San Salvador and Soyapango, focusing on socially vulnerable people whose access to health services has been affected by insecurity. And why arent we more concerned about that?. I last took a bath days ago.
Psychotherapy Center of Waunakee: Evers' budget fails to fund student [124] Human Rights Watch interview with James [not his real name], man with a psychosocial disability, Kenya, February 2020 (name and details withheld). [111] People interviewed said there was too little food, sometimes only one meal a day. The cost of mental health services can also be prohibitive. 16) at 52, U.N. Doc. 18 (4) and 28; ACHR, art. The rate of mental health workers in low-income countries is fewer than 2 per 100,000 people, compared with over 70 in high-income countries. Retornados carry a lot of stigma because of the criminal label that comes with deportation, says Juan Carlos Garca Rivera, a marriage and family therapist from El Salvador who is pursuing his doctorate in critical social/personality psychology at the City University of New York. Share this via Reddit Shackling is a rudimentary form of physical restraint used to confine people with real or perceived psychosocial disabilities. [116] Human Rights Watch interview with Carlos [not his real name], man with a psychosocial disability, Maputo, November 20, 2019. The ACHPR has been ratified by Benin, Burkina Faso, C, African Charter on the Rights and Welfare of the Child (ACRWC), OAU Doc. 64. In Kenya, which launched in November 2019, almost 3,260 people have enrolled and around 732 have completed the training. Most mental health professions require at least a bachelors degree, except for psychiatric nurses, and many require additional post-graduate education and certification. Treaty Series No. (No. However, legal capacity is a universal attribute inherent in all persons by virtue of their humanity and people can therefore not be stripped of it. Rural Americans are also less accepting of mental health services and care. [64] Mentally Ill Confined at Home Due to Lack of Resources and Public Education, Global Times, June 25, 2015, https://www.globaltimes.cn/content/928917.shtml (accessed July 28, 2020); Caged People, The Beijing News, July 11, 2013, http://www.bjnews.com.cn/feature/2013/07/11/272800.html (accessed July 28, 2020); Chinese Healthcare: The Rural Reality, Collective Responsibility, July 23, 2018, https://www.coresponsibility.com/chinese-healthcare-the-rural-reality/ (accessed May 2020); 26-year-old Mentally Disturbed Man in China Locked in Cage by His Parents, Hong Kong Free Press, January 15, 2016, https://www.hongkongfp.com/2016/01/15/26-year-old-mentally-disturbed-man-in-china-locked-in-cage-by-his-parents/ (accessed May 2020); A Mentally Ill Chinese Man Has Been Locked In A Cage By His Family For 11 Years, Business Insider, May 28, 2013, https://www.businessinsider.com/chinese-man-kept-in-cage-for-11-years-2013-5 (accessed July 28, 2020); Chinese Mentally Ill Woman, Chained in Room for Decades by Family, to Get Medical Treatment, South China Morning Post, undated, https://www.scmp.com/news/china/society/article/1815641/chinese-mentally-ill-woman-chained-room-decades-family-get (accessed July 28, 2020). [117] Human Rights Watch, Like a Death Sentence, https://www.hrw.org/report/2012/10/02/death-sentence/abuses-against-persons-mental-disabilities-ghana; Chained Like Prisoners," https://www.hrw.org/report/2015/10/25/chained-prisoners/abuses-against-people-psychosocial-disabilities-somaliland; Living in Hell, https://www.hrw.org/report/2016/03/20/living-hell/abuses-against-people-psychosocial-disabilities-indonesia; "Nigeria: People With Mental Health Conditions Chained, Abused," Human Rights Watch news release, https://www.hrw.org/news/2019/11/11/nigeria-people-mental-health-conditions-chained-abused. A/39/51 (1984), entered into force June 26, 1987; Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC), adopted November 20, 1989, G.A. [50] Human Rights Watch interview with a volunteer in a local organization providing services to people with disabilities, Buea, Cameroon, January 2019 (name and details withheld). Associations between racism and mental health are stronger than those between racism and general medical health ( 2 ). Anna-Catherine Brigida reports from San Salvador about a group of ambulance workers on how they cope with the [5]. Immediately end the use of chaining, nonconsensual fasting, and any form of detention. In one exercise, facilitators ask children to predict travel time to the United States (most underestimate the length of the journey), then use an enlarged map to measure distances and show that the route is thousands of miles long and can take months. American Psychological Association. The report also draws on Human Rights Watchs extensive research on stigma, mental health, and discrimination that people with psychosocial disabilities face around the world, including in Australia, Brazil, Cameroon, Croatia, India, Iran, Kazakhstan, According to Indonesias 2018 Basic Health Survey (Riskesdas), 14 percent of people with serious mental health conditions have been shackled at least once in their lives and about 30 percent of them have been shackled within three months of the survey.[141]. 19. 44/25, annex, 44 U.N. GAOR Supp. In one center in northern Nigeria, Human Rights Watch found a dozen people who showed researchers scars on their arms, chests, and backs that they said were from floggings by staff. Services Lacking for People with Mental Health Issues Two studies conclude more people than in the past have multiple mental disorders, and there aren't enough services to help those with. [46] UNHRC, Report of the Special Rapporteur on the rights of persons with disabilities, Catalina Devandas-Aguilar, A/HRC/40/54, January 11, 2019, https://undocs.org/en/A/HRC/40/54 (accessed July 26, 2020), para. Just because it is painful, we cannot look away. [38] UN, Policy Brief: COVID-19 and the Need for Action on Mental Health, https://www.un.org/sites/un2.un.org/files/un_policy_brief-covid_and_mental_health_final.pdf, p. 6. In Honduras, a population of nearly 9 million relies on just 185 mental health professionals, and in El Salvador, 225 mental health workers serve more than 6 million people (Mental Health Atlas Country Profiles, World Health Organization, 2017). [173], According to the UN Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, the international expert body charged with monitoring compliance with the ICESCR, access to health facilities, goods and services should be non-discriminatory, especially for the most vulnerable or marginalized sections of the population, including individuals with disabilities. support services. [20] WHO, Mental Health, undated, https://www.who.int/gho/mental_health/en/ (accessed June 17, 2020). Those who experience sexual violence encounter many barriers to reporting the abuse safely and confidentially, and are unlikely to access time-sensitive health care, for example to prevent sexually transmitted infections or pregnancy or to access Limited options and long waits are the norm, but there are some bright spots, with 76% of Americans now seeing mental health as important as physical health. In Nigeria, boys as young as 10 were chained together in rooms with adult men, leaving them at risk of abuse. [115] Human Rights Watch interview with Benjamin Ballal, survivor of shackling and secretary general for cultivation at Cultivation for Users Hope, Nairobi, February 15, 2020. CMS recognized that, for many mental health services, visualization between the patient and clinician may be less critical to provision of the service: "[M]ental health services are different from other services because they principally involve verbal exchanges between patient and practitioner." CMS also responded to comments requesting . [65] Viola Zhou, Mentally ill Chinese Girl, 8, Roped to Tree Outside by Grandparents for Nearly Six Years, South China Morning Post, September 21, 2016, https://www.scmp.com/news/china/society/article/2021288/mentally-ill-chinese-girl-8-roped-tree-outside-grandparents (accessed July 28, 2020). The programs innovative family-based approach examines 12 measures that together reveal family health: access to clean water, hypertension, tuberculosis, smoking, family planning, access to government health insurance, maternal health, child nutrition, immunization, breast feeding, sanitation, and mental health. On the upcoming April 4 ballot, you can vote to increase funding for mental health initiatives and resources within Kankakee County. the lack of good-quality epidemiologic data by department, which resulted in the authors' reliance on . Im not allowed to wear clothes, only underwear. And women and girls are not supported to manage their menstrual hygiene, for example through the provision of sanitary pads. [33] The World Bank, Mental Health, https://www.worldbank.org/en/topic/mental-health; WHO, Mental Health, https://www.who.int/news-room/facts-in-pictures/detail/mental-health; WHO, Mental Health in the Workplace, https://www.who.int/mental_health/in_the_workplace/en/. When the fighting happened, we left him next to the house tied up. [69] Helena Selby, Prayer Camps and Mental Illness, The Chronicle, undated, http://ghanaian-chronicle.com/prayer-camps-and-mental-illness/ (accessed March 28, 2012). Child: The word child, boy, or girl in this report refers to someone under the age of 18. If the family does not come to pick up the relative or abandons them at the institution, the person can end up spending many years or even the rest of their life shackled in the social care institution or healing center. [95] Staff members hesitated to let Human Rights Watch enter the room asking: How will you enter? Amid such far-reaching and systemic challenges, many have fought to defend Central Americans right to migrate, but Lykes says its also time to start considering another inalienable rightthe right to remain. 15 April 2022. See the Shackling chapter for a more detailed description. Mental Health and Substance Use. In China, about 100,000 people are shackled or locked in cages in Hebei province alone, near Beijing. 12 and 18. The COVID-19 pandemic has only made the situation more complex. Since the program involves home visits, it becomes easier for community health workers to detect cases of shackling and facilitate the release of shackled people. While Gov. [130] In 2019, the Supreme Court of India directed the government to take immediate action, stating that keeping people with mental health conditions handcuffed or chained is in violation of their human rights.[131] In 2017, Dr. Akwasi Osei, CEO of the Mental Health Authority in Ghana, announced the government would enforce the 2012 Mental Health Act provision that people with psychosocial disabilities shall not be subjected to torture, cruelty, forced labor and any other inhuman treatment, including shackling.[132]. As a result, many governments do not have any data on the number of private institutions in their country, much less the number of people who are detained or shackled in them. In some states, over 80% of the population lives in a mental health professional shortage area. Its very challenging to navigate domains where we may be told we dont belong, he says. Mental healthcare is especially difficult due to lingering social stigmas and scarcity of services. In Juba and Malakal prisons, people with psychosocial disabilities were chained to the floor day and night or tied outside to tree naked, and soiled with their own excrement.[88]. Celina de Sola 04:32 31, no. In prayer camps and institutions in some countries, many interviewees spoke of persistent, gnawing hunger from forced fasting or inadequate food, and many looked emaciated. A custom index was developed, ranking each state according to its mental health service access. In order to show the scale and scope of shackling of people with real or perceived psychosocial disabilities worldwide, Human Rights Watch conducted a study of mental health legislation, relevant policies, and practices across 60 countries around the world. [119] The United Nations special rapporteur on torture has noted that involuntary treatment and other psychiatric interventions in health-care facilities can be forms of torture and ill-treatment. In an effort to make the Northern Triangle safer and more humane for the millions of people who live there, psychologists are providing psychosocial support for trauma survivors, designing and delivering preventive community workshops and studying what drives residents to migrate north.
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